Combined drill



UNITED STAT-Es PATE T OFFICE HERMAN WEGNER, OF GR'OTON. SOUTH DAKOTA.

COMBINED DRILL, REAMEILIAND PIPE-PULLYER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent Nc. 465,103, dated December 15,1891.

Application filed June 10,18'91. seen in. 395,759. lNomodelJ.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, HERMAN WEGNER, a elitizen of the United States, residing at Groton in the county oi Brown and State of South akote,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Combined Drill, Reamer, nd

. Pipe-Puller; and I do hereby declare the ollowing to-be'a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, suchas will enable others ing separate tools for accomplishing such results.

. To this end my invention consists, essentially, in a combination-tool which is adapted to be readilyconverted either into a drill and reamer or a tube puller or lifter, according to requirements.

My invention also consists in certain improved features of construction and combination of parts, all as hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims at the endot this description.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of thespecitication, Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation of the combined drill and reamer, showing the expansiblejaws in operative positions below the casing or tube section. Fig.'2 is a similar view showing the jaws confined within the casing in a contracted position. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of the bit or cutting-section of the drill proper detached from the drill-head. Fig; i is a sectional elevation of the device arranged for use'asa tube puller or lifter. Fig. 5 is a detail illustrating the pipe-puller. I

Like letters of reference are used to designate like parts in each of the several views.

A designates the drill-head; to which the elpausible cutti :jaws andsliding bit are removably-secui d, ashereinatter. set forth.

A is the bit or cutting section of the drill proper, which is preferably constructed with a cutting-edgev a and an enlarged head a,

formed integrally with an arrow-headed shank 1313', which is fitted to slide vertically in a socket C,forn'1ed in the lower end of the drillhead A, the movements of the bit being limited by the shoulders I) of the arrow-headl," and the enlarged head a of the bit which come in contact with the top and bottom edges, respectively, of the wall surrounding the socket O. V The shank B is provided with an elongated recess or slot 11', which preferably extends transversely through the shank and has seated therein a coiled or-other suitably-shaped spring or springs D, which rest 'upon a follower b and bear against the upper wall of said recess, so as to exert a constant pressure, tending to lift the bit A,'and thus hold the same normally in an elevated posi tion with its head a. resting against th'elower end of the (lrilLhead. 7

EE designate expanding jaws or reainers, which are held normally in an expanded po sltion or with their lower ends thrown 0utward, as shown in Fig. l, by means of the arrow-headed portion of the bit-shank. These jaws are secured in a vertical recess in the drill-head by means of pivot-bolts which pass transversely through the head and through the jaws near their upper ends, the jaws being located one at either side of the upper portion of the vertical recess, so as to straddle the arrow-headed portion B of the bit-shank, whereby the upward pressure of the latter will tend to force the lower ends of the jaws; apart and hold them normally in an expanded position. I

To provide a smooth bearing-surface between'the jaws and the inclined or beveled sides-or edges of the arrow-head B the jaws are formed at their lower ends with. rounded portions f on the inner sides thereofl-and theirl0wer-ends are concaved, as at f to provide cutting-edges f". At their upper ends on the inner sides thereof the jaws are beveled or inclined, as at g, to permit their lower ends .to'separate, and the adjacent faces of said beveled portions are grooved, as at g; for a purpose to behereinafter described. The upper ends of the jaws are also cutaway or recessed on the outer sides thereof, as at g. to

increasing the lateral to the drill-head from undue strain.

p rovidc bearings or seats i'ortlie lower ends of the springs l, whichlattcr preferably consist of stout steel plates which have elongated slots i, through which passset-screws or bolts '5', by which the spring-plates are adjustably secured to the drill-head. These springs, being located above the pivotal center of the jaws E, exert a constant pressure, which tends to force theupper ends of said jaws together and consequently separate their lower ends, and at the same time serve as guards or shields which prevent mud and dirt from gotting in behind the springs andin'to the joints, thus keeping the joints free from clogging matter and in good working condition. Thus it will be seen that the jaws will be thrown outward by the pressure of the springs alone, and that when the drill is thrust downward tho arrow-headed portion I5 ot the bit-shank will also force said jaws apart and hold them firmly,'so as to insure a successfuloperation, and any increased pressure or downward thrust; upon the drill stock or rod for the purpose of forcing the bit or cutting-section A into the earth will result in correspondingly pressure upon the depending cutting portions of the jaws E, and thereby force and hold them apart; but on the upward movement or when withdrawing the drill the pressure of the pipe-section or casing upon the outer edges of the cuttingjaws will force the sameinward, and as their lower ends bear upon the inclined sides of the pointed or arrow-headed end of the bit or cutting-section A the latter will be forced downward against the pressure of the spring or springs D, so as to permit the jaws to contract and allow the drill to be' withdrawn. Theupper ends of the jaws E are also arranged as shown in Fig. 1, so as to bear upon the upper wall of the vertical recess, and thus relieve the pivot-bolts which secure saidI jaws also provide the drill-head with a longitudinal bore or channel F, which extends vertically through the upper part of the drill-head and out through the boring-bar G, whereby water may be supplied to the cutting-surfaces, and by means of which the device may be kept free from mud and dirt.

When it is desired to use the device as a puller or lifter, the bolts which secure the springs Iin place are loosened and the jaws E are removed. Fig. 4) may then be substituted for the jaws E by securing them in position by means of the same bolts that secure said jaws in place. The springs I are then adjusted so that their lower ends will be seated in recesses h, formed in'the necks of the dogs IL as shown, so as to hold said dogs in position for insertion in the pipe or casing, and at the same time retain the dogs in proper position for pulling or lifting the pipes.

tion

From the foregoing description the operaof my invention willbe readily under- The dogs H (shown in the pressure of the spring D until the jaws occupy the position indicated in Fig.2. In this position the device may be lowered within the casing until'itpasses below the end of the lowermost section, whereupon the. jaws will be'thrown outward by thespringsI and the bit will be thrown upward by the recoil of the spring I), in which position of the parts drilling and reaming operations may be performed in the usual manner. By the described construction the'downward thrust of the drill will cause an upward thrust of the bit, and thereby the arrow-headed shank of the bit will be caused to force the cutting ends of the reaming-jaws apart, and any increase of pressure uponthe bit will correspondingly increase the pressure upon the arms E, and thereby insure the proper action of the rcnmingjaws.

\Vhen the device is adjusted for use as a pipe-puller, with the parts inthe position indicated in Figs. 4 and 5, it may be lowered within the pipe or casing until the dogs catch beneath the end of the section to be raised, (the sections being generally slightly separated at theirjoints, so as to permit this to be done,) and thereupon the section. may be raised and removed from the well; but if a section of pipe or easing cannot be raised for any reason, or if it is desired to remove'the device without lifting the pipe-section it may be lowereduntil the dogs pass beneath the lowermost pipe-section, as indicated in Fig. 4, and there on the springs I will force the dogs apart s d tliciently tocauset-he same to catch under the pipe, as shown in said figure,

and by continuing the upward pull upon the will be forced to release device the springs I them to drop over, so as the dogs and allow to permit the device to be removed fromthe casing.

It will of course'be un'derstoodthat the con-- struction and arrangement of the parts may be modified in a number of ways. without deact construction and arrangement described and shown; but What I claim, and desire to secure by Let tors-Patent, is-

' 1'. In a combined drill and combination, with the .drilhhead provided with a vertically-elongated recess and a socket at the lower end thereof, of the verticallysliding bit or cutting-section fitted in said reaming-tool, the I parting from the spirit of myinve'ntion, and hence I do not desire to be limited to the erev socket, the cutting-jaws or reamers pivoted near their upper ends in said rec'eis and havin g their lower cutting ends arranged tostraddie the shank of said cutting-section, and the springs adjustably secured to the drill-head aesnoe t and having their depcndiugends' arranged to. arrow-headed shank for limiting the move-1 bear'upon the short arms or ends of the cutmnts of the bit, and the spring adapted-to ting-jaws, substantially as described; hold said bit normally-in an elevated .posi- 5o 2. In combination withgthe drilt-hcad' hav tion, so as to expand the cutting-jaws, sub- 5 ing the recess and socket at the lower end stantially as described,

thereoifltlie vort-ically-siiding bitor cutting: i 6. ;In a combineddrill and reaming-tool, section fitted in said socket and provided with the combination, with the drill-stock or boran arrow-headed shank, the cutting-jaws or reamers pivoted in said recess with their depending cutting ends arranged to straddle the shank of said bit,'and the springsbearing on'- said j aws so as to force-the cutting ends there Y of apart, whereby said jaws are adaptedto-be normally expanded bythe action of thesprings ,scribed.

and positively expanded by the action of the 7. cutting-section on the downward thrust of the drill, substantiaily as described.

3. In combination with the drill-head; the I channel leading to said recess, of the bit or" cutting-section and the pivoted jawshaving grooved upper ends communicating with the water-channel extending through the driib A-,- co nvertible drill, reamer, and pipepuller comprising the vertically-recessed drill-head, the spring-plates adjustably Se.- cu red to said drill-head, with their lower ends 65 ing-bar and recessed head havinga water-'55 .head and boring-bar, -sulistantia-ll-y as. deep vertically-sliding bit or cutting-section having an arrow-headedshank, the'p'ivoted cutting-jaws arranged above said sliding bit, one at either side 01? .the pointed arrow headed shank, the springs adapted to hold said jaws in a-normally-expanded position, and the spring for forcing said arrow-head upward bedependingbelow the upper wall of said recess,

and the interchangeable cutting-jawsand; pipe-lifting dogs, substantially as described.

8'. In combination with the dril1-head,'t h0 f spring-plates adjustably secured thereto, and .70-

the removable pivot-bolts adapted to receive eitherthc cutting-jaws or pipe-lifting dogs,

tween the depending cutting portions of said jaws, substantially as described. r

4. In a combined drill. and reaming-tool, the combination, with the recessed head,-ot.

substantially as described. 9."In combination with the drill-head provided with the vertically-elongated recess and 7 5 .the socket at the lowerend thereof, the exthe pivoted expansible cutting-jaws, and the vertically-sliding spring-pressed 'bit'or cut- Ling-section having the pointed head adapted.

to separate the cutting ends of said jaws,

whercbyithc jaws will be normally expandedbythe forc'e'of the spring and forcibly exp d d y the downward thrust of the drill and maybe contracted against the pressure of the spring upon the bit on the movement of the drill, substantially as described,

. 5. In a combined drill andreanier, the combination, with the recessed drill-head having the socket at the lower end thereofl-of ,the

pivoted cuttingjaws, the vertically sliding bit or-cutting-section fitted to'slide in-said socket and having the enlarged head and the upward pr'essureof thebiton.

withdrawal 0'!- upward.

pansible cutting-jaws on 'reamers' pivoted 'in said recess, thespring-plates bearing upon said jaws, so as to expand the cutting ends thereof, the vertically-sliding bit or cutting-4 80, section fitted in said socket and provided with an arrow-headed vertically-slotted shank; v

and the spring seated in the slot of said shank and adapted to force the same upward between the cutting ends of said jaws for. the :85

purpose of expanding the same, substantially as described.

In tcstimonywhorcof I affix my signature in v presence ottwo witnesses. V nERMAN WEGNER. Witnesses: A

N.S.- BASOM, 

